International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research

Cultural, Educational, and Psychological Determinants of Willingness Toward Whole-Body Donation for Medical Science: A Multinational and Interdisciplinary Analytical Study

Oliver J. Falkenberg — 2026-02-01

Whole-body donation for medical science constitutes the ethical, educational, and scientific foundation of human anatomical study. Despite its irreplaceable importance for medical training, surgical innovation, and biomedical research, the global supply of donated bodies remains critically insufficient. This imbalance between demand and availability reflects not only administrative or logistical shortcomings but also deeper cultural, psychological, religious, and educational factors that shape how individuals and communities perceive the human body after death. The present research article offers a comprehensive, theory-driven and evidence-based analysis of willingness toward whole-body donation by synthesizing empirical findings from multiple geographic, cultural, and professional populations as reported in contemporary literature. Drawing exclusively from peer-reviewed studies conducted across India, Turkey, Iran, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Serbia, Mexico, South Africa, and other regions, this article integrates cross-cultural, psychosocial, and educational perspectives to explain how knowledge, belief systems, emotional responses, professional identity, and societal narratives converge to shape donation behavior.

The article argues that willingness to donate one’s body is not a simple moral or rational choice but rather the outcome of a complex interaction between individual cognition, cultural meaning-making, institutional trust, and experiential exposure to anatomical science. Regional studies in India demonstrate that willingness varies substantially between northern, southern, eastern, and central populations due to differences in spiritual traditions, family structures, and perceptions of bodily integrity (Aricatt et al., 2024). Similar patterns emerge globally, where religiosity, fear of body mutilation, and social taboos exert powerful inhibitory effects on donation, even among highly educated populations (Saha et al., 2015; Oktem et al., 2020). Conversely, medical students, anatomists, and individuals with sustained exposure to cadaveric dissection consistently demonstrate higher willingness, suggesting that educational experience reshapes emotional and ethical frameworks (Bharambe et al., 2017; Anyanwu et al., 2014; Asante et al., 2021).

Through an in-depth conceptual synthesis, this article examines how awareness, attitude, and practice form a dynamic continuum that governs donation decisions. Awareness provides cognitive knowledge, attitude reflects emotional and moral orientation, and practice represents behavioral readiness to register or commit to donation (Karmakar et al., 2020; Prameela et al., 2017). Cultural acceptability, particularly in non-Western societies, further mediates this continuum by linking the body to ancestral identity, ritual purity, and metaphysical continuity (Asl et al., 2016; Ebeye et al., 2016). The article further explores how professional identity among medical educators and anatomy faculty enhances acceptance of donation by reframing the cadaver as a pedagogical partner rather than a desecrated corpse (Garza et al., 2017; Bahsi et al., 2021).

By situating these empirical findings within broader theoretical frameworks of social psychology, medical anthropology, and bioethics, this research advances a unified explanatory model of body donation willingness. It also critically addresses structural barriers such as mistrust in medical institutions, inadequate public education, and the absence of culturally sensitive donation campaigns. Ultimately, the article argues that increasing whole-body donation requires not only policy reform and administrative facilitation but also a profound transformation in how societies narrate death, dignity, and scientific contribution.

Methods Of Studying Innovation And Modern Approaches In Medical Education In Our Region

Otashekhov Zokir Ismаilovich — 2026-02-12

This paper examines contemporary approaches and innovations in Uzbek medical education, including the use of digital learning platforms, e-learning modules, virtual and augmented reality simulations, problem-based learning, and adaptive curriculum design. Medical education in Uzbekistan is undergoing significant transformation, driven by the need to modernize curricula, enhance clinical competencies, and integrate innovative teaching methodologies. These innovations aim to improve student engagement, knowledge retention, and practical skill development while ensuring alignment with international educational standards. The study also discusses the challenges of implementing these approaches, such as technological infrastructure limitations, faculty training, and equitable access for all students. By analyzing current trends and strategies, this paper highlights the potential of innovative educational practices to enhance the quality and effectiveness of medical training in Uzbekistan.

Study Evaluation And Analysis Of The Effectiveness Of The Credit Module System In Medical Higher Education Institutions Of Uzbekistan

Fayziyeva Mukhabat — 2026-02-12

This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of the credit-module system currently implemented in medical higher education institutions in Uzbekistan. As part of the country’s ongoing modernization of higher education, the credit-module model aims to enhance transparency, student-centered learning, and competency-based outcomes. The research examines several critical components of the system, including the structure and organization of modules, the distribution of contact and independent learning hours, the alignment of learning outcomes with assessment criteria, and the implementation of continuous and final evaluation mechanisms.

Through a mixed-method approach involving surveys, expert interviews, and analysis of institutional documentation, the study identifies both strengths and systemic challenges. Positive outcomes include increased student engagement, greater accountability in learning, improved transparency of assessment, and an expanded role of independent learning. However, the findings also reveal existing barriers such as limited digital infrastructure, insufficient integration of e-learning platforms, gaps in simulation-based training resources, and varying levels of instructor readiness for the credit-module approach.

The research concludes that while the credit-module system has significantly contributed to the modernization of medical education in Uzbekistan, further improvements are essential to ensure its full effectiveness. Recommendations include expanding digital learning tools, enhancing methodological support, strengthening instructor training programs, and integrating simulation technologies into modular curricula. These measures will help align medical education in Uzbekistan with international standards and improve the overall quality of training for future healthcare professionals.

The Effectiveness Of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms In Analyzing Dental Radiographs And CBCT Images

Murtazaev Saidazim Saidazamovich — 2026-02-08

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an increasingly valuable tool in dental imaging, particularly for the analysis of radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. This paper reviews the current applications and effectiveness of AI algorithms, especially deep learning models, in detecting dental pathologies and anatomical structures. The integration of AI enhances diagnostic accuracy, reduces human error, and streamlines clinical workflows. Despite challenges such as dataset limitations and the need for standardized protocols, AI demonstrates substantial potential to transform dental diagnostics. Continued research and development are essential for optimizing AI tools and promoting their widespread adoption in clinical practice.

Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Low-Risk Women According to the Cervical Dilatation Defining Active Labor

Asmaa Hasan Khnifar — 2026-02-04

Background: Labor is the physiological process by which the fetus and placenta are expelled from the uterus through the vaginal canal. Labor is influenced by maternal effort, uterine contractions, fetal characteristics, and pelvic anatomy. Management of normal labor involves monitoring maternal vitals, cervical progress, and labs, while minimizing interventions. Active labor, once defined at 4 cm dilation, is now considered to begin at 6 cm, impacting obstetric management and outcomes. Objectives: This study aims to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes, alongside labor interventions, when defining active labor onset at 4 cm versus 6 cm cervical dilation. Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted at Al-Mawanee Teaching Hospital, Basrah, for the period from 1st of November 2024 to 30th of July 2025. Compared adverse obstetric outcomes in low-risk women admitted at 4 cm versus 6 cm cervical dilation. Eligible term, singleton, cephalic pregnancies were included, excluding medical disorders, fetal complications, inductions, and prior caesarean section. Data collection involved questionnaires, examinations, and monitoring of labor management, maternal complications, and neonatal outcomes. Results: This study compared outcomes among 200 women admitted in labor at 4 cm versus 6 cm cervical dilation. Significant differences included maternal age (older in 6 cm group, p=0.04) and parity (more nulliparas at 4 cm, p=0.003). Cervical consistency was softer in the 6 cm group (p=0.028), and fetal head station was more advanced (p=0.05). Women admitted at 4 cm had longer labor duration, longer amniotomy-to-delivery time, and higher oxytocin augmentation use (all p<0.001). Cesarean indications differed (p=0.032): fetal distress predominated at 6 cm, poor progress at 4 cm. maternal complications and neonatal outcomes showed no significant differences. Conclusion: Admission at 4 cm was linked to longer labor, more oxytocin use, and caesareans for poor progress, while 6 cm showed better readiness. Overall caesarean rates, maternal complications, and neonatal outcomes were similar.

Features Of Implementing Artificial Intelligence In Uzbekistan's Medicine

Bakhridin Makhmatkulovich Eshdavlatov — 2026-02-12

This article analyzes the current state of artificial intelligence implementation in the healthcare system of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Based on domestic and international scientific sources, the article summarizes key areas of AI application in clinical and managerial practice and assesses its potential effects and limitations. It is established that the use of AI in healthcare in Uzbekistan is in its infancy and is characterized by fragmentation, insufficient institutional support, and a shortage of human resources. It is shown that sustainable and safe implementation of AI is possible with systemic digitalization, the development of a regulatory framework, and targeted training of medical personnel, taking into account the national characteristics of the healthcare system.

Studying The Features Of Artificial Intelligence In Early Diagnosis Of Diseases

Voitova Gavkhar Alisherovna — 2026-02-12

Through machine learning algorithms, neural networks, and big data analysis, AI systems can detect subtle patterns in medical images, laboratory results, and clinical data that may escape human observation. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an essential tool in modern healthcare, offering innovative solutions for early disease diagnosis. Early detection of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions has significantly improved through AI-assisted diagnostic tools. These technologies not only enhance diagnostic accuracy and speed but also reduce healthcare costs and support personalized treatment plans. However, the integration of AI into medical diagnostics requires careful consideration of data privacy, algorithm transparency, and ethical implications. Overall, AI continues to revolutionize early disease diagnosis and holds immense promise for the future of precision medicine.

Structural And Functional Changes And Therapeutic Efficacy In Comorbid Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma And Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Iskandarov Sh.Kh. — 2026-02-11

Objective. To conduct a comprehensive assessment of morphological and functional changes in patients with isolated and comorbid forms of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), as well as to compare the effectiveness of different therapeutic strategies.

Materials and Methods. The study included 184 patients (326 eyes) aged 60 to 84 years. Patients were divided into three groups: isolated POAG, dry AMD, and combined POAG + AMD. In patients with the comorbid form, the effectiveness of three treatment regimens was additionally evaluated: prostaglandins, brimonidine, and brimonidine combined with the antioxidant AREDS 2 formulation. Assessment was performed using optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, automated perimetry, and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), followed by statistical data analysis.

Results. The comorbid form of the disease was associated with more pronounced thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, macula, and choroid, as well as deterioration of visual field parameters (MD and VFI). The most favorable outcomes in terms of preservation of morphofunctional parameters and the lowest incidence of adverse effects were observed in the combination therapy group (brimonidine + AREDS 2), where stabilization of visual function was achieved in 87% of eyes.

Conclusions. The coexistence of POAG and dry AMD leads to accelerated progression of neurodegeneration. Combination therapy incorporating neuroprotective and antioxidant components demonstrates an advantage in slowing structural deterioration and preserving visual function in patients with this form of comorbid ophthalmic pathology.

The Role Of Medical Activity In Population Disease Prevention

Khasanova Mamura Ikramovna — 2026-02-07

This study utilized methods for analyzing scientific publications, statistical data, and materials reflecting the state of preventive care and the level of population involvement in health maintenance activities. It has been established that low levels of medical activity contribute to late detection of diseases, an increase in chronic pathologies, and higher rates of complications. At the same time, increased medical activity among the population ensures early diagnosis, increases the effectiveness of preventive programs, and reduces overall morbidity. The results confirm the need for comprehensive measures aimed at fostering a responsible attitude toward one's own health and increasing the accessibility of preventive medical care.