International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research

Multi-Omics–Enabled Diagnostic Pathways for Optimizing Clinical Management of Prosthetic Valve Infective Endocarditis

2026-03-08T16:33:50+00:00

Prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVIE) remains among the most clinically complex infectious syndromes because diagnosis is frequently time-sensitive, microbiology can be inconpletely informative, host responses are heterogeneous, and management decisions must balance antimicrobial efficacy, embolic and hemodynamic risk, and surgical timing. Contemporary “omics” technologies—genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and integrative multi-omics—offer a pathway to strengthen PVIE care by moving beyond single-marker diagnostics toward composite, mechanism-informed signatures of pathogen presence, virulence, host immune activation, tissue injury, and treatment response (Horgan & Kenny, 2011; D’Adamo et al., 2021; Chen et al., 2023). However, clinical translation is constrained by analytic complexity, interpretability, operational feasibility, and the risk of overpromising clinical utility without robust validation (Boyd et al., 2014; Subramanian et al., 2020; Wekesa & Kimwele, 2023). This study develops a publication-ready conceptual and methodological framework for integrating multi-omics diagnostics into PVIE clinical pathways, with the goal of improving diagnostic certainty, prognostic stratification, and treatment monitoring. Using a structured qualitative synthesis of the provided literature, we derive a PVIE-specific multi-omics logic model that maps clinical questions to omics layers, proposes integration strategies suited to heterogeneous clinical data, and anticipates implementation challenges in real-world endocarditis teams (Subramanian et al., 2020; Shahrajabian & Sun, 2023; Sibilio et al., 2025). Particular attention is given to PVIE due to Staphylococcus aureus, given its clinical severity and prognostic importance, and to emerging echocardiographic criteria and evolving clinical research directions in infective endocarditis (Diego-Yagüe et al., 2024; Poggio Pantte & Santa María, 2024; Editorial, 2023; Olmos et al., 2024). The resulting framework emphasizes clinical actionability, staged implementation (from targeted panels to integrative signatures), and governance of uncertainty to ensure that multi-omics strengthens rather than complicates patient care (Boyd et al., 2014; D’Adamo et al., 2021).

Assessment of The Effectiveness of Complex Therapy for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Reducing Gestational Complications

2026-03-27T12:12:17+00:00

Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women retains high clinical significance, as even in the absence of pronounced symptoms it may be associated with ascending urinary tract infection, the development of pyelonephritis, as well as adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. According to recent reviews and meta-analyses, the prevalence of this condition in different populations of pregnant women remains variable and often reaches significant epidemiological levels, which confirms the relevance of the problem for antenatal care systems.

Current clinical guidelines continue to consider early detection of asymptomatic bacteriuria as an important component of pregnancy management; however, in recent years increasing attention has been paid to the need for rational use of antibacterial therapy in the context of growing antimicrobial resistance. In this regard, further study of timely diagnostic approaches, prevention of complications, and optimization of treatment strategies for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women appears to be a justified and practically significant direction in obstetric science and clinical practice.

Clinical, Neurophysiological and Imaging Correlation in Surgery for Tethered Cord Syndrome with Closed Spinal Dysraphism In Children

2026-03-21T03:45:43+00:00

In this study, clinical changes, neurological changes before and after surgery were compared in children born with closed spinal cord dysraphism, and their correlation was determined using neurophysiological examination methods.

Study of The Features of Physical Exercise in Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias Depending on The Functional Class of Arrhythmia

2026-03-16T02:24:26+00:00

The article studies the characteristics of exercise tolerance in patients with ventricular extrasystoles depending on the functional class of arrhythmia according to the Lown classification. The study included 63 patients with ventricular extrasystoles and 30 healthy individuals in the control group. All participants underwent 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring and a bicycle ergometry exercise test. It was found that with an increase in the class of ventricular arrhythmias, tolerance to physical activity decreases and rhythm disturbances appear earlier. Based on the obtained data, a program of dosed physical activity in the form of walking was developed for patients with ventricular rhythm disorders.

Early Diagnosis of Adhesive Disease in Children

2026-03-21T13:30:22+00:00

Background: Adhesive intestinal obstruction is a pressing problem in pediatric surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment options for both early and late forms remain controversial.

Objective: To early clarify the proposed diagnosis of adhesive intestinal obstruction in children previously operated on for acute appendicitis.

Materials and Methods: From 2020 to 2024, 76 of 382 children at the 2-2 City Children's Surgical Clinical Hospital (2-2DCCH) underwent surgery for acute appendicitis. Adhesive disease was recorded (33 early, 43 late). The patients ranged in age from 2 to 18 years with signs of abdominal adhesive disease. Of these, 44 were boys (57.8%) and 32 were girls (42.2%).

Results: The diagnosis was based on the patient's medical history, clinical examination, abdominal ultrasound, laparoscopy, and laparotomy.

Periodontopathogenic Microorganisms in The Development of Periodontitis

2026-03-18T16:25:57+00:00

Periodontal disease is one of the most common pathologies of the oral cavity. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the tissues surrounding the teeth, accompanied by the destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Microorganisms that form the microbial biofilm of dental plaque play a key role in the development of this pathology.

It has now been proven that the primary cause of periodontitis is exposure to specific pathogenic bacteria capable of causing an inflammatory reaction in periodontal tissues. These microorganisms are called periodontopathogenic. Their activity leads to an imbalance of oral microflora, which contributes to the development of pathological processes.

Studying the role of periodontopathogenic microorganisms is important for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases.