This article explores the compositional structure and stylistic originality of War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy, with particular attention to the depiction of war as a philosophical and moral phenomenon. The study investigates how Tolstoy’s narrative technique, realism, and polyphonic structure intertwine historical authenticity with moral reflection. The analysis highlights the author’s rejection of conventional epic heroism in favor of a psychological and spiritual examination of human nature. The theme of war is interpreted as both a historical necessity and a moral trial, revealing Tolstoy’s vision of history as a manifestation of collective human will rather than individual ambition.

Leo Tolstoy, War and Peace, composition

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