International Journal of Law And Criminology

Issues of Implementation of Article 10bis Of the Paris Convention into National Legislation

2025-06-25T04:48:02+00:00

This article examines the issues related to the implementation of Article 10bis of the Paris Convention (1883) into national legal systems, with a particular focus on the legislation of the United States and the Republic of Uzbekistan. Special attention is given to the analysis of the principle of “effective protection against unfair competition,” its substance, and the challenges of its implementation under contemporary conditions. A comparative analysis is conducted of the legislative approaches currently in force in the United States (Lanham Act, Sherman Antitrust Act, Federal Trade Commission practice), the European Union (TFEU, EU Directives), Japan (UCPA), and Uzbekistan (the 2023 Law “On Competition”). The article identifies existing enforcement issues related to digital platforms, the use of artificial intelligence, transnational cases of unfair competition, and the regulation of commercial data. The study substantiates the need for further modernization of legislation to ensure comprehensive legal protection in line with international standards under the Paris Convention.

The US Pretrial System: Navigating the Balance Between Individual Liberty and Public Safety

2025-05-29T10:58:35+00:00

The United States pretrial system stands at a critical juncture, tasked with the dual objectives of ensuring defendants' appearance in court and safeguarding public safety. This inherent tension creates a complex landscape where individual rights, such as the presumption of innocence and the right to liberty, often intersect with societal demands for crime prevention and judicial efficiency. This article provides a comprehensive review of the US pretrial system, examining its foundational principles, the profound impacts of pretrial detention, and the persistent challenges of racial and ethnic disparities. It further explores the evolution of bail reform efforts, including the contentious introduction of algorithmic risk assessment tools, and their implications for fairness and equity. By synthesizing empirical evidence and legal analyses, this review highlights the intricate balance required to uphold constitutional protections while addressing legitimate public safety concerns, offering insights into ongoing debates and future directions for systemic improvement.

International Copyright Regulation: Legal Gaps and Future Prospects in Virtual Space

2025-06-23T12:28:48+00:00

The rapid evolution of digital technologies and the increasing globalization of online content distribution have highlighted significant challenges in international copyright regulation. While treaties such as the Berne Convention and the WIPO Copyright Treaty provide a foundation for global copyright protection, inconsistencies in national legal frameworks create enforcement difficulties in the virtual space. This article explores key legal gaps, including jurisdictional conflicts, differing interpretations of copyright exceptions, and the challenges of cross-border enforcement. Additionally, it examines future prospects for harmonizing copyright laws through digital innovations such as blockchain, artificial intelligence enforcement, and international cooperation. By addressing these legal disparities and leveraging technological advancements, a more effective and unified approach to copyright regulation in the digital age can be achieved.

Plea Bargaining: Concept, Legal Framework, And Conditions of Conclusion

2025-06-21T12:50:04+00:00

This article explores the concept of plea bargaining, its legal foundations, and the conditions under which such agreements are concluded. The study focuses on the relevance of plea agreements in modern criminal procedure, their role in ensuring the efficiency of justice, and the protection of the rights of both the accused and the victim. The article also analyzes international practices and highlights the significance of procedural safeguards in the implementation of plea bargains. Special attention is paid to the legal criteria required for a valid plea agreement, including voluntariness, full awareness, and judicial approval.

The Formation and Development History of The Legal Foundations of Information Security Policy in The Republic of Uzbekistan

2025-06-13T05:54:33+00:00

With the development of information technologies in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the issue of ensuring information security has become increasingly relevant. As a result of the rise in cyberattacks, there emerged a need to improve the legal and political foundations of information security. This article analyzes how the categories of information security are reflected in the legislation of Uzbekistan, the main directions of state policy, and the regulations related to the protection of information resources and systems. The article also examines the national strategies of the Republic of Uzbekistan on information security, the powers of state bodies in this area, and the reforms aimed at strengthening cybersecurity. In addition, based on international experience, proposals are developed to improve the effectiveness of information security in the country.

Functional Classification and Liability Standards of Information Intermediaries: The U.S. Dmca Model and Its Implementation Prospects in The Legal System of Uzbekistan

2025-06-25T04:49:00+00:00

In the era of digital transformation, information intermediaries such as internet service providers, hosting platforms, and content aggregators play a central role in the dissemination, storage, and accessibility of information across digital networks. As their influence on communication, commerce, and public discourse expands, so does the legal necessity to regulate their activities, particularly with respect to civil liability for unlawful content distributed through their services.

Issues of Applying the Unified Memory in Legal Science and Law Enforcement Practice

2025-06-11T09:05:07+00:00

This article analyzes the scientific-theoretical and organizational-legal aspects of the relationship between legal science, the system of education in legal disciplines, legal science, and law enforcement practice in Uzbekistan.

Existing problems in legal education and law enforcement practice were analyzed, and proposals and recommendations were made for their elimination.

Based on the experience of foreign countries, issues of legal education and law enforcement practice were discussed, and mechanisms aimed at their implementation in our country were analyzed.

The Concept of Prosecutorial Verification of Law Enforcement and Its Regulation in Legal Acts

2025-06-23T14:57:24+00:00

This article researches about the concept of prosecutorial verifications, the grounds for their conduct, legal issues related to their regulation by law, and also offers suggestions for improving legislation, taking into account foreign experience.

Legal Framework for Ensuring Transparency of Production Sharing Agreements in Uzbekistan’s Oil and Gas Sector: Challenges and Reform Pathways

2025-06-21T20:17:38+00:00

The article addresses the deficit of transparency in the contractual terms of production-sharing agreements (PSAs) within the Republic of Uzbekistan's oil and gas sector. The research objective is to identify the regulatory and institutional barriers that impede public access to contractual provisions and to formulate measures for their removal. The methodology integrates doctrinal analysis, comparative-legal and normative-value approaches, complemented by case studies of the Lukoil and CNPC agreements. The findings confirm the imperative of legislatively mandating PSA disclosure, establishing an independent monitoring authority, and institutionalising public engagement. Collectively, these reforms would enhance investment robustness, curtail corruption risks, and consolidate the rule of law.

Features Of Uzbekistan’s Policy On Women’s Empowerment

2025-06-18T13:05:52+00:00

We are witnessing that our state is making many fruitful efforts to protect the rights and interests of every citizen living in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In this respect, the basis of today's policy is to improve the main directions of our country's development and bring the ongoing large-scale reforms to a new stage under the updated constitutional and legal conditions. In this regard, it should be noted that the "Uzbekistan-2030" strategy is fulfilling its programmatic function.

After all, at its core are important ideas that serve to create all opportunities for every citizen to develop their potential, to raise a healthy, educated and morally mature generation, to form a strong economy, to ensure the rule of law, security and stability. According to these ideas, in the future, Uzbekistan will be among the countries with higher than average income based on stable economic growth rates, the organization of education, medical and social protection systems that can fully meet international standards, the improvement of the ecological situation, which is becoming more and more important for today, the interests of the people It is natural that the introduction of such things as establishing a serving state and ensuring our national sovereignty and security will serve to form the foundations of a strong civil society.

On the basis of the "Uzbekistan-2030" strategy, five important directions have been put forward in order to increase the effectiveness of achieving goals that serve the development of our country and the well-being of our people. Among these directions, the tasks aimed at creating suitable conditions for each person to realize his potential occupy a special place in the realization of the vital needs of the members of our society. Already, at its core, issues aimed at reforming the education and health care system, improving the quality of social services, increasing the scope of measures aimed at reducing poverty, accelerating the state policy on youth, and improving the moral image of the people occupy an important place.

In recent years, a lot of significant work has been done to reform these areas. In particular, it is commendable that many measures have been taken to strengthen the position of women in the family and society, to expand their educational coverage, and to increase their share in state management. After all, the provision of women's rights is not only a basic human right, but also an important guarantee of achieving peace, prosperity and sustainable development. In recent years, the issue of women's education, prevention of early marriage, and increasing their share in public administration has been on the agenda of the Sustainable Development Goals until 2030. As the 5th goal of the BRM, a number of achievements have been made in this regard. However, certain problems still remain. Research conducted within the framework of BRM shows that domestic violence against women has increased internationally in recent years. As an effective solution to the existing problem, it is noted that it is necessary to increase the role of women in economic sectors and strengthen their position in the life of society. Within this article, the existing problems, their solutions and the results achieved in this regard will be revealed on the example of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

The Relevance and Problems of Psychology in The Investigation of Crimes

2025-06-26T01:51:11+00:00

This article analyzes the role, relevance, and challenges of psychology in the process of criminal investigation. The lack of scientific research in investigative psychology, the absence of trained professionals, limited technical resources, and weak legal frameworks are identified as major issues. The paper reviews international practices, particularly those from the United States and the United Kingdom, in applying psychological methods during interrogation and profiling. It also provides practical recommendations for integrating investigative psychology into Uzbekistan's legal and investigative systems.

Certain Aspects of Ensuring the Rights of Victims and Witnesses in Criminal Proceedings

2025-06-11T10:26:39+00:00

This article analyzes certain aspects of ensuring the rights of victims and witnesses during criminal proceedings. It examines the legal status of victims within the framework of criminal procedural legislation, including their rights to participate in court hearings, present evidence, file objections, and claim compensation for damages. The paper also explores issues related to witness protection — such as safeguarding their personal security, protection from pressure or intimidation, and the right to anonymity. It provides a comparative overview of international practices and discusses challenges observed in national judicial proceedings. Recommendations are proposed to strengthen the procedural position of victims and witnesses in accordance with modern approaches and international human rights standards. This research holds significant value for improving the criminal justice system and ensuring fair trial principles.