American Journal of Applied Science and Technology

Evaluation of The Influence of Talc Properties on The Physic Mechanical Characteristics of Polypropylene Block Copolymer

2026-03-26T07:06:01+00:00

This study investigates the effect of talc particle size on the structure–property relationships and physicomechanical performance of polypropylene block copolymer (PP-BC) composites. Particular attention is given to the role of talc as a mineral filler in modifying intermolecular interactions within the polymer matrix and interfacial adhesion between the filler and matrix phases. Composite samples containing talc with different particle size distributions were prepared and evaluated in terms of elastic modulus, yield strength, hardness, Izod impact strength, heat deflection temperature (HDT), and melt flow index (MFI). The results demonstrate that decreasing talc particle size leads to a significant improvement in stiffness and thermal resistance due to enhanced dispersion and increased interfacial surface area. Fine talc particles promote stronger filler–matrix interactions, resulting in improved load transfer efficiency and restriction of polymer chain mobility. As a consequence, the elastic modulus and HDT increase, while the melt flow index decreases, indicating higher melt viscosity. However, excessive reduction in particle size may adversely affect impact strength due to stress concentration effects. Overall, the study confirms that optimizing talc particle size is a key factor in tailoring the balance between stiffness, strength, and toughness in polypropylene-based composites. The findings provide practical guidance for the development of high-performance polymer composites for industrial applications.

Edge-Driven Cooperative Intelligence for Industrial Internet of Things: Integrating Multi-Agent Systems, Edge Computing, And AI for Real-Time Digital Twin Ecosystems

2026-03-06T11:44:34+00:00

The rapid evolution of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has transformed modern industrial ecosystems by enabling interconnected cyber-physical infrastructures capable of real-time sensing, communication, and decision-making. However, the exponential growth of connected devices and data streams presents critical challenges related to latency, scalability, interoperability, and security. Edge computing and edge intelligence have emerged as promising paradigms to address these challenges by relocating computational capabilities closer to data sources. In parallel, agent-based systems, artificial intelligence techniques, and digital twin architectures are increasingly being integrated into IIoT infrastructures to support distributed autonomy and adaptive decision-making. This research article provides a comprehensive theoretical exploration of the integration of edge computing, cooperative multi-agent systems, and artificial intelligence for real-time digital twin deployment in next-generation industrial environments. Drawing extensively from contemporary literature on IoT architectures, industrial edge computing, machine learning for edge environments, and multi-agent cooperation, the study develops a conceptual framework describing how intelligent edge nodes can coordinate autonomous industrial processes while ensuring scalability, resilience, and security. The methodology adopts an integrative analytical approach based on systematic literature synthesis and conceptual modeling to examine how distributed intelligence can be embedded across IoT-edge-cloud continuums. The findings highlight the role of cooperative smart objects, distributed learning models, and edge-enabled digital twins in facilitating predictive analytics, real-time monitoring, and adaptive system optimization. The study further discusses the importance of cross-domain standardization, trust-aware coordination mechanisms, and emerging AI technologies such as large language models in shaping the future of intelligent industrial infrastructures. By synthesizing insights from IoT architecture research, edge computing paradigms, and AI-driven communication systems, this article contributes a comprehensive theoretical perspective on the development of resilient, intelligent, and scalable industrial cyber-physical ecosystems.

Development of An Improved Rotary Paddy Dryer

2026-03-29T02:41:38+00:00

This article analyzes the structural solutions, energy efficiency, and technological capabilities of existing dryers used for agricultural products, in particular for drying grain and paddy rice. Conventional drying methods are considered the main problem due to their high energy consumption, contamination of the product with exhaust gases, and negative impact on grain quality. Based on this, an energy-saving and environmentally safe combined rotary dryer design is proposed.

In the design process of the dryer, special attention is paid to the efficient use of solar energy, removal of the initial moisture content of the grain by means of a pneumatic dryer, and improvement of grain mixing inside the drum.

Analysis of Technologies for Melting Copper Alloys

2026-03-21T04:01:10+00:00

This article analyzes modern technologies for melting copper alloys and evaluates their efficiency. Copper and its alloys are among the important structural materials widely used in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, metallurgy, and other industrial sectors. Therefore, the proper technological organization of the melting process directly affects the chemical composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the material. The obtained results show that melting technology in induction furnaces is one of the most effective methods in terms of energy efficiency and maintaining the stability of the metal composition. The research results contribute to optimizing the melting process of copper alloys, obtaining high-quality castings, and improving the technological efficiency of metallurgical production.

Dependence of Torque on Rotational Speed in A Screw Conveyor Transporting Undried Cotton

2026-03-29T02:30:09+00:00

This article presents a theoretical investigation of the dependence of the torque generated during the operation of a screw conveyor transporting undried cotton on the rotational speed. The study is based on mechanical modeling and analytical calculations, taking into account the fibrous structure, high moisture content, and compressibility of undried cotton. A mathematical model describing the nonlinear relationship between torque and rotational speed is proposed. Based on theoretical graphs, the energy load of the screw conveyor is analyzed, and the existence of an optimal operating regime is substantiated. The obtained results can be applied in the design of screw conveyors and in the selection of electric motor power.

Advantages of The Cluster Approach Over Traditional Approaches in Developing Students' Digital Competence

2026-03-16T03:34:08+00:00

This article scientifically analyzes the pedagogical possibilities of the cluster approach in the process of developing students' digital competence and its advantages over traditional teaching approaches. In the modern education system, digital transformation processes make the development of students' skills in the effective use of information and communication technologies one of the important tasks. Therefore, the study considered the process of forming digital competence as a systematic, integrative and collaborative educational model. It was argued that the educational environment organized on the basis of the cluster approach serves the comprehensive development of students' competencies such as information literacy, use of digital technologies, communication, problem solving and independent learning activities. The research used pedagogical observation, questionnaires, experimental studies and statistical analysis methods. The results obtained showed that the educational process organized on the basis of the cluster approach is more effective in developing students' digital competence than traditional teaching methods.

Determining the Condition of Photovoltaic Modules and The Causes of Their Degradation

2026-03-28T04:39:48+00:00

In recent years, the world has placed great emphasis on developing energy-saving technologies and using renewable energy sources. According to International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates, due to social and economic development, the demand for electricity is expected to increase by more than 50 percent by 2030 compared to the beginning of this century, total demand is expected to reach 23.27 billion tons of oil equivalent1. To mitigate a potential future energy crisis and reduce negative environmental impacts, the required energy replacement can only be achieved through renewable energy sources.

In this scientific article, the operating status of photovoltaic (PV) modules, the factors affecting their efficiency, and the main causes of degradation processes are analyzed. Photovoltaic systems occupy an important position among renewable energy sources, and their long-term reliability is of great importance. The article presents types of degradation, diagnostic methods, and proposals for improving efficiency. Photovoltaic modules operate on semiconductor materials. When sunlight strikes them, electrons are set in motion, generating an electric current. This process is called the photovoltaic effect.

Designing Software-Didactic Resources for Developing Digital Literacy of Higher Education Students

2026-03-16T02:36:17+00:00

In conditions where digital technologies are deeply penetrating all spheres of society, new pedagogical tasks are emerging before the higher education system. The modern education system requires the formation not only of students’ theoretical knowledge but also of their digital competencies. The main purpose of this research is to design a software-didactic platform aimed at developing the digital literacy of students in higher education institutions and to develop its technical and pedagogical architecture. During the research process, methods such as system analysis, pedagogical modeling, software system design, and educational process design were used. As a result, a conceptual model of a multilayer software platform intended for use in a digital learning environment was developed. The platform consists of a user interface, authentication system, database, didactic content module, and analytical monitoring system. The research results showed that scientifically developed software platforms contribute to the development of students’ digital literacy, the formation of their independent learning skills, and the improvement of the efficiency of the educational process.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Economic Processes

2026-03-28T00:43:13+00:00

This article discusses the issues of mathematical modeling for economic processes based on artificial intelligence technologies. The article are analyzed possibilities modern approaches to artificial intelligence, such as deep machine education, processing natural language Andes extended training in the field economy modeling.

Resilient Renewable Energy Conversion and Transparent Supply Chain Finance Under Geopolitical Uncertainty: An Integrative Governance Framework Linking MPPT Control, Blockchain Passports, And Crypto-Asset Interconnectedness

2026-03-08T14:54:33+00:00

Renewable energy deployment is increasingly shaped not only by conversion efficiency and control stability but also by the quality of supply chain governance and the financial risk environment in which energy infrastructure is produced, financed, and operated. This study develops an integrative research framework that connects (i) advanced control and optimization practices for wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion, particularly maximum power point tracking (MPPT), inverter-based control, and grid-tied multifunctional operation, with (ii) evolving supply chain transparency mechanisms, including blockchain product passports and alliance-level blockchain adoption, and (iii) the macro-financial risk channels that transmit geopolitical shocks, policy uncertainty, and supply chain pressure into energy security and crypto-asset volatility. Using a qualitative meta-synthesis design grounded in systematic interpretive analysis, the study draws strictly on the provided interdisciplinary literature spanning renewable energy control (fuzzy logic, digital inverter control, ANN optimization, FPGA control, and novel control approaches), risk classification in supply chains, blockchain-enabled transparency, corporate fraud mitigation via transparency, and time-varying linkages among geopolitical risk, metals, supply chain pressure, and cryptocurrency market dynamics. The analysis identifies a central governance gap: technical gains in MPPT accuracy, converter resilience, and intelligent control are often pursued without commensurate mechanisms to assure traceability of critical components, legitimacy of environmental claims, or robustness of financing channels under geopolitical stress. The results synthesize evidence into a practical governance architecture comprising four coupled layers—conversion control integrity, cyber-physical assurance, supply chain traceability, and financial risk buffering—designed to increase energy system reliability while reducing informational opacity that may amplify fraud, alliance breakdown, and capital flight during risk episodes. The study concludes that renewable energy resilience requires co-design between engineering control strategies and institutional transparency instruments to improve system performance, accountability, and investment stability across volatile global conditions.

General Requirements and Modern Approaches to Architectural Design of Private Pre-School Educational Institutions

2026-03-29T02:48:43+00:00

This article, as a result of the research process, studies the impact of the functional-planning structure of preschool educational institutions, sanitary-hygienic and safety requirements on architectural solutions. The issues of written private preschool educational institutions are also covered, based on current regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Uzbekistan and presidential decrees. The article compares traditional and modern architectural approaches and analyzes them on the basis of real objects using the example of private kindergartens in Tashkent.

Creation of Biodegradable Wound Bandage Nonwoven Nanocomposites Based on Silk Fiber Waste and Study of Their Biophysical Properties

2026-03-21T13:36:35+00:00

This article describes the creation of biodegradable wound dressings using silk fiber industrial waste and the testing of their physical and antibacterial properties. The silk fibroin nonwoven material was treated with chitosan and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. Researchers measured moisture absorption, water vapor permeability, mechanical strength, and antimicrobial activity. The results show that these silk-based materials help maintain proper moisture in wounds and lower the risk of infection.

Morphological and Biological Characteristics of The European Badger (Meles Meles L.) In the Southern Aral Sea Region

2026-03-29T02:38:18+00:00

The European badger (Meles meles L.) is an ecologically adaptable carnivorous mammal widely distributed across Eurasia. However, its morphological and biological characteristics in the Southern Aral Sea region remain poorly studied. This study analyzes field observations from the Lower Amudarya State Biosphere Reserve, where several badger burrows and footprints were recorded. The burrow entrances measured approximately 35–40 cm in width, while footprints ranged from 6–8 cm in length. The presence of both single and multiple burrow exits indicates complex shelter structures adapted to environmental conditions. Furthermore, the species demonstrates seasonal underground inactivity during winter, which serves as an important survival strategy. These findings highlight the ecological adaptability of Meles meles and emphasize the importance of protected areas for maintaining regional biodiversity.

Increasing Thermal Efficiency by Optimizing Radiator Connection Schemes in Building Heating Systems

2026-03-18T09:52:57+00:00

This article examines the connection schemes of radiators widely used in building heating systems and their influence on thermal efficiency. The side, diagonal, and bottom connection schemes of radiators are analyzed, and their heat transfer efficiency as well as their impact on heat distribution within buildings are compared. The results of the study show that the radiator connection method has a significant effect on heat distribution. It was determined that the diagonal connection scheme is one of the most efficient methods in terms of heat transfer performance. The findings also indicate that selecting an appropriate radiator connection scheme is important in the design of building heating systems.

Investigation of The Refining Process of Aluminum Casting Alloys

2026-03-28T06:31:29+00:00

This study examines the refining processes of aluminum alloys aimed at improving melt quality by removing impurities, dissolved gases, and non-metallic inclusions. Key methods, including flux treatment, gas purging, and chloride-based refining, were analyzed, with particular attention to the effectiveness of chloride–fluoride fluxes in reducing oxidation and enhancing melt cleanliness.

The results show that introducing fluxes using bell-type devices significantly improves refining efficiency compared to surface application. While chlorine refining is highly effective, its use is limited due to toxicity; therefore, alternative chloride-based agents such as hexachloroethane are widely applied.

The refining mechanism involves the formation of aluminum chloride bubbles that remove inclusions through flotation. Optimized refining conditions lead to improved microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys, providing a basis for more efficient and safer refining technologies.

The Role of Business Simulation Programs in Developing Students’ Economic and Information Competence

2026-03-16T03:31:20+00:00

In the context of the modern digital economy, improving the quality of economic education in higher education institutions and developing students’ economic and information competence is one of the urgent tasks. This article analyzes the pedagogical and methodological aspects of using business simulation software in the process of economic education. The study examines the educational potential of economic simulation programs such as Big Ambitions, Capitalism II, Timeflow – Time & Money Sim, Internet Cafe & Supermarket Simulator 2024, and Business Mania. The results of the study indicate that business simulators serve as an effective pedagogical tool for developing skills in modeling economic processes, making economic decisions, and working with economic information.

Change in The Quality Indicators of Knitted Fabrics Obtained Based on Mixing Cotton Fibers with Secondary Material Resources in Different Quantities

2026-03-28T04:34:20+00:00

In this article mixing machine 15.0% recovered cotton fiber, 20.0% polyester fiber, 65.0% cotton fiber blend, 30.0% recovered cotton fiber, 10.0% polyester fiber, 60.0% cotton fiber blend, 15.0% spinning waste, 20.0% polyester fiber, 65.0% cotton fiber blend and 30.0% spinning waste, 10.0% polyester fiber, 60.0% cotton fiber mixed knitted fabrics were obtained and quality indicators were determined.

Teaching Economic Terminology Through Authentic Materials and Textbook-Based Instruction: A Comparative Analysis

2026-03-14T08:05:05+00:00

This study examines the effectiveness of teaching economic terminology through authentic materials compared with traditional textbook-based instruction in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classes. In the context of globalization and professional communication, students specializing in economics must acquire not only general English proficiency but also discipline-specific vocabulary. However, many learners struggle to understand and use economic terminology appropriately in academic and professional contexts.

The study adopts a quasi-experimental mixed-methods research design to compare vocabulary acquisition outcomes in two instructional settings. The dataset consists of 80 undergraduate students majoring in economics who participated in a six-week instructional program. Forty students learned economic terminology through authentic materials such as economic news articles, financial reports, and case studies, while forty students studied the same terminology through traditional textbook-based exercises.

Quantitative analysis measured vocabulary retention, contextual usage accuracy, and terminology recognition through pre- and post-tests. Qualitative classroom observations and student interviews were conducted to explore learning experiences and engagement patterns.

The findings demonstrate that students exposed to authentic materials showed higher contextual understanding and more accurate productive use of economic terms. In contrast, students in the textbook-based group demonstrated better memorization of definitions but struggled to apply terminology in real communicative contexts. The results suggest that authentic materials significantly enhance conceptual understanding and contextual vocabulary use. The study concludes that integrating authentic economic discourse into ESP instruction can improve students’ professional language competence.

The Role of Bioarchitecture In Tourist Areas

2026-03-29T02:51:46+00:00

The article analyzes the application of bioarchitecture principles in tourist areas, their importance in ensuring ecological sustainability, preserving the natural landscape, and creating a high level of comfort for tourists. Also, the principles and approaches of bioarchitecture are used as an example to reveal factors that increase the attractiveness of tourism and ensure the long-term development of regions.