This article provides an in-depth analysis of the cultivation technology of Silybum marianum Gaertn. L. (Milk Thistle), a medicinal plant valued for its hepatoprotective properties, primarily attributed to its bioactive compound, silymarin. The article explores essential aspects of milk thistle cultivation, including soil and climate requirements, sowing practices, fertilization, irrigation, pest and disease management, as well as harvesting and post-harvest processing. Additionally, it highlights modern biotechnological advances, such as in vitro and hairy root culture techniques, that can complement traditional farming methods to enhance the production of silymarin. Practical examples are provided to illustrate the recommendations for successful cultivation, making it a comprehensive guide for both small-scale and large-scale producers.  

Silybum marianum, Milk Thistle, Silymarin

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